Durability and Shrinkage Performance of Zeolite–Ground Scoria Blended Concrete Exposed to Chloride and Acid Environments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37598/26t9m065Keywords:
Acid resistance, chloride penetration, concrete durability, volcanic ash, zeoliteAbstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the combined effects of natural pozzolans—zeolite and volcanic ash—on the durability and shrinkage behavior of concrete exposed to aggressive environments. Binary cement replacements were introduced at 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% by weight, using a 1:1 ratio of zeolite to volcanic ash. A control mix containing 100% ordinary Portland cement was used for comparison. All mixes were assessed for workability, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, and durability indicators including acid resistance and chloride ion permeability. Testing was conducted at 28, 56, and 90 days of curing. The results indicated that moderate replacement levels (20–25%) achieved compressive strengths above 50 MPa at 90 days, along with significant improvements in resistance to chloride ingress and sulfuric acid degradation. The 25% replacement mix recorded over 89% strength retention after acid exposure and reduced drying shrinkage by 32.5% compared to the control. Improved performance was attributed to enhanced pozzolanic activity, refined pore structure, and internal moisture retention offered by the zeolite–volcanic ash blend. The study concludes that binary natural pozzolan systems can improve both the durability and dimensional stability of concrete in chloride- and acid-rich environments. These findings support the adoption of zeolite–volcanic ash blended cement as a sustainable and locally sourced alternative for infrastructure exposed to harsh service conditions.
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