EFFECT OF COMPOSITE COLUMNS ON THE EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE OF EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS IN BANDA ACEH CITY

Abstract

adequate structural resistance to ensure occupant safety. One alternative for improving 
structural performance is the use of composite columns that combine steel and concrete 
materials. This study aims to analyze the effect of composite columns on the seismic resistance 
of educational buildings through a case study of the Learning Building of Universitas Bina 
Bangsa Getsempena, Banda Aceh. Structural performance was evaluated by comparing the 
existing steel column system (H 300×300×10×15 profile) with a concrete-encased composite 
column system measuring 45×45 cm using SAP2000 v25 software. Structural loads were 
applied according to SNI 1727:2020, SNI 1726:2019, and SNI 1729:2020 standards. The evaluated parameters included axial capacity, shear force, bending moment, support 
reactions, PMM interaction ratio, and inter-story drift. The results indicate that composite 
columns increased axial capacity by 7.33% under static loads and 12.61% under dynamic 
loads. Shear capacity increased by 16.79% and 1.19%, while bending moment capacity 
increased by 19.06% and 33.25%, respectively. Furthermore, all PMM interaction ratios 
remained below 1.0 and inter-story drift values satisfied seismic design requirements. These 
findings demonstrate that composite columns significantly enhance structural stiffness, 
stability, and earthquake resistance, making them suitable for educational buildings located 
in earthquake-prone regions.